kaafka ek jatil yug ke ek jatil vyaktitva the. unhe samajhne ke liye keval tathyon ko samne rakhna kafi nahi hai. tathyon ko ek sarthak roop se aapas mein jodna zaroorat hai. yahuda dharm ke sath unka rishta, unke pita ke sath, aurton ke sath, sahitya ke sath - yeh sab aapas mein juda hua hai; aur unke jeevan mein aise nirnayak pal bhi aaye hain, jahan yeh saare riste achanak spasht ho jate hain aur unka anubhav kisi imandari bhare ehsaas ki tarah kiya ja sakta hai. yeh wahi pal hain jinhe main sabse adhik natkiya dhang se bayan karne ki koshish karta hoon.
Kafka was a complex character in a complex historical era. In order to understand him, you have to do more than cite facts. It is necessary to connect the facts in a meaningful way. His relationship to Judaism, to his father, to women, to literature - all of this is interconnected; and there are decisive moments in his life, in which such interactions suddenly become visible and can be experienced in an almost sensuous manner. It is these moments above all that I try to narrate dramatically.
Kafka was a complex character in a complex historical era. In order to understand him, you have to do more than cite facts. It is necessary to connect the facts in a meaningful way. His relationship to Judaism, to his father, to women, to literature - all of this is interconnected; and there are decisive moments in his life, in which such interactions suddenly become visible and can be experienced in an almost sensuous manner. It is these moments above all that I try to narrate dramatically.
jab kaafka saat ya aath saal ke the, tabhi apne parivar ke anubhavon ke adhaar par duniya ko lekar unka nazariya kaafi nirashawadi ho chuka tha. isse unhe yeh samajh aa gaya tha ki duniya ek sakht krambaddh (hierarchical) tarike se chalti hai aur upar baithe logon ko kisi bhi tarah ki saza dene ka poor adhikaar hai. unhe yeh haq tha ki niche ke logon ko un niyamron se anjaan rakha jaye jinka weh khud paalan karte hain; yahan tak ki unhe apne hi niyamron ka paalan karne ki bhi zaroorat nahi thi - kaafka ne apne baad ke samay mein 'mere pita ke naam patr' mein yahi sab bayan kiya hai.
By the time Kafka was seven or eight years old, he already had a relatively dark view of the world derived from experiences in his own family. This told him that the world was organized in a strictly hierarchical manner and that those on the top were allowed to mete out punishment in any way they chose. They were entitled to leave those on the bottom uninformed about the rules to which they subscribed; they weren't even required to follow their own rules - this is how Kafka described it in his later Letter to My Father.
By the time Kafka was seven or eight years old, he already had a relatively dark view of the world derived from experiences in his own family. This told him that the world was organized in a strictly hierarchical manner and that those on the top were allowed to mete out punishment in any way they chose. They were entitled to leave those on the bottom uninformed about the rules to which they subscribed; they weren't even required to follow their own rules - this is how Kafka described it in his later Letter to My Father.
kaafka aksar khud ko ek nirrakht (bloodless) vyakti ke roop mein varnit karte hain: ek aisa insaan jo apne aas-paas ke logon ke jeevan mein sach-much hissa nahi leta, ek aisa vyakti jo shabdon ke asli arth mein nahi jeeta, balki jiska astitva keval shabdon aur sahitya se bana hai. mere vichar se, yeh baat aadhi hi sach hai. sahitya ke tedhe-medhe raaste se, jiske liye sahanubhuti aur sateek nirikshan ki zaroorat hoti hai, woh samajik jeevan mein fir se doob jate hain; ek tarah se woh samaj mein wapas laut aate hain.
Kafka often describes himself as a bloodless figure: a human being who doesn't really participate in the life of his fellow human beings, someone who doesn't actually live in the true sense of the word, but who consists rather of words and literature. In my view, that is, however, only half true. In a roundabout way through literature, which presupposes empathy and exact observation, he immerses himself again in the life of society; in a certain sense he comes back to it.
Kafka often describes himself as a bloodless figure: a human being who doesn't really participate in the life of his fellow human beings, someone who doesn't actually live in the true sense of the word, but who consists rather of words and literature. In my view, that is, however, only half true. In a roundabout way through literature, which presupposes empathy and exact observation, he immerses himself again in the life of society; in a certain sense he comes back to it.
maine is baat ka bhi andaza nahi lagaya tha ki samkalin akhbaron se kitni saari jaankari nikali ja sakti hai, yahan tak ki aisi jaankari bhi jo seedhe taur par kaafka ke jeevan se judi thi. is tarah unke shuruati varshon par aadharit kitab ko poora kiya ja saka, aur mere vichar se, ismein koi bhi mahatvapoorna cheez chhootee nahi hai.
I had also underestimated what an abundance of information can be extracted from contemporary newspapers, even information that bore directly on Kafka's life. In this way it was possible to complete the volume about the early years; and, in my view, nothing substantial is missing from it.
I had also underestimated what an abundance of information can be extracted from contemporary newspapers, even information that bore directly on Kafka's life. In this way it was possible to complete the volume about the early years; and, in my view, nothing substantial is missing from it.
kaafka beshak 20vin sadi ke mahan sahityik pratibhaon mein se ek the, lekin unhone lagbhag 30 saal ki umr tak apni khud ki shaili ki pehchan nahi payi thi, yani kaafi der se. aachet (unconscious) manovaigyanik samagri mein anushasan ke sath doobne ki kala bhi unhone lambe varshon ke abhyas ke baad hi sikhi thi. jab unhe pehli baar ismein safalta mili - unki kahani 'the judgement' mein - toh woh behad khushi aur utsah se bhar gaye the. woh is anubhav ko baar-baar jeena chahte the; is srijan (creation) ki prakriya ne unhe khush aur garv se bhar diya tha.
Kafka was certainly one of the great literary talents of the twentieth century, but he did not find his way to his own style until the age of nearly 30, so rather late. The disciplined immersion in unconscious psychical material is something he also learned only after long years of practice. When he succeeded in doing it for the first time - in the story The Judgement - it put him in a euphoric mood. He wanted to experience this again and again; the act of creation made him happy and proud.
Kafka was certainly one of the great literary talents of the twentieth century, but he did not find his way to his own style until the age of nearly 30, so rather late. The disciplined immersion in unconscious psychical material is something he also learned only after long years of practice. When he succeeded in doing it for the first time - in the story The Judgement - it put him in a euphoric mood. He wanted to experience this again and again; the act of creation made him happy and proud.